Definitions for G protein
g protein

WiktionaryRate this definition:0.0 / 0 votes

1. G proteinnoun

   Any of a class of proteins, found in cell membranes, that pass signals between hormone receptors and effector enzymes

2. Etymology: *guanine nucleotide binding protein

WikipediaRate this definition:0.0 / 0 votes

1. G protein

   G proteins, also known as guanine nucleotide-binding proteins, are a family of proteins that act as molecular switches inside cells, and are involved in transmitting signals from a variety of stimuli outside a cell to its interior. Their activity is regulated by factors that control their ability to bind to and hydrolyze guanosine triphosphate (GTP) to guanosine diphosphate (GDP). When they are bound to GTP, they are 'on', and, when they are bound to GDP, they are 'off'. G proteins belong to the larger group of enzymes called GTPases. There are two classes of G proteins. The first function as monomeric small GTPases (small G-proteins), while the second function as heterotrimeric G protein complexes. The latter class of complexes is made up of alpha (α), beta (β) and gamma (γ) subunits. In addition, the beta and gamma subunits can form a stable dimeric complex referred to as the beta-gamma complex .Heterotrimeric G proteins located within the cell are activated by G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that span the cell membrane. Signaling molecules bind to a domain of the GPCR located outside the cell, and an intracellular GPCR domain then in turn activates a particular G protein. Some active-state GPCRs have also been shown to be "pre-coupled" with G proteins, whereas in other cases a collision coupling mechanism is thought to occur. The G protein activates a cascade of further signaling events that finally results in a change in cell function. G protein-coupled receptor and G proteins working together transmit signals from many hormones, neurotransmitters, and other signaling factors. G proteins regulate metabolic enzymes, ion channels, transporter proteins, and other parts of the cell machinery, controlling transcription, motility, contractility, and secretion, which in turn regulate diverse systemic functions such as embryonic development, learning and memory, and homeostasis.

WikidataRate this definition:0.0 / 0 votes

1. G protein

   G proteins, also known as guanosine nucleotide-binding proteins, are a family of proteins involved in transmitting signals from a variety of different stimuli outside a cell into the inside of the cell. G proteins function as molecular switches. Their activity is regulated by factors that control their ability to bind to and hydrolyze guanosine triphosphate to guanosine diphosphate. When they bind GTP, they are 'on', and, when they bind GDP, they are 'off'. G proteins belong to the larger group of enzymes called GTPases. There are two classes of G proteins. The first function as monomeric small GTPases while the second form and function as heterotrimeric G protein complexes. The latter class of complexes are made up of alpha, beta and gamma subunits. In addition, the beta and gamma subunits can form a stable dimeric complex referred to as the beta-gamma complex. G proteins located within the cell are activated by G protein-coupled receptors that span the cell membrane. Signaling molecules bind to a domain of the GPCR located outside the cell. An intracellular GPCR domain in turn activates a G protein. The G protein activates a cascade of further signaling events that finally results in a change in cell function. G protein-coupled receptor and G proteins working together transmit signals from many hormones, neurotransmitters, and other signaling factors. G proteins regulate metabolic enzymes, ion channels, transporter, and other parts of the cell machinery, controlling transcription, motility, contractility, and secretion, which in turn regulate diverse systemic functions such as embryonic development, learning and memory, and homeostasis.

How to pronounce G protein?

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Numerology

1. Chaldean Numerology

   The numerical value of G protein in Chaldean Numerology is: 8

2. Pythagorean Numerology

   The numerical value of G protein in Pythagorean Numerology is: 5

Examples of G protein in a Sentence

1. Kelly Pritchett:

   When glycogen is in short supply, your body also reverts to breaking down protein -- your muscles' building blocks -- for fuel.

2. Viviane Labrie:

   Alpha-synuclein is a protein that doesn't like to stay put. It's able to move from neuron to neuron, and it has been shown that it can travel.

3. Tara Collingwood:

   I typically recommend whey-based protein powders to my clients, especially athletes, because research shows they are most effective for replenishing tired muscles.

4. Rupert Beale:

   There is data from basic science studies that have shown that Covid-19 itself binds to a protein at the surface of cells called ACE2, there is a hypothetical risk that giving NSAIDs like ibuprofen could increase levels of ACE2 shown in animal models, but not in patients.

5. Vandana Sheth:

   If you do choose to provide a plant-based milk to your child [ and ] if over the age of 2, I would suggest soy, as it provides about 6 to 8 grams of protein per cup, it's also a good idea to consult with a registered dietitian to discuss your child's unique situation and get guidance about the right choice to allow for normal growth and development.

References

1. ^ Wiktionary
   https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/G_Protein
2. ^ Wikipedia
   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G_Protein
3. ^ Wikidata
   https://www.wikidata.org/w/index.php?search=G protein